A Brief Overview of Émile Durkheims Role in Sociology

A Brief Overview of Émile Durkheim's Role in Sociology Who was Émile Durkheim? He was a famous French philosopher and sociologist known as the father of the French school of sociology for his methodology combining empirical research with sociological theory. The following outlines his life and career and his published works. Early Life and Education Émile Durkheim (1858–1917) was born in Épinal, France, on April 15, 1858, to a devout French Jewish family. His father, grandfather, and great-grandfather had all been rabbis, and it was assumed that he would follow their lead when they enrolled him in a rabbinical school. However, at an early age, he decided not to follow in his familys footsteps and switched schools after realizing that he preferred to study religion from an agnostic standpoint as opposed to being indoctrinated. In 1879, his good grades got him into the École Normale Supà ©rieure (ENS), a well-regarded graduate school in Paris. Career and Later Life Durkheim became interested in a scientific approach to society very early on in his career, which meant the first of many conflicts with the French academic system- which had no social science curriculum at the time. Durkheim found humanistic studies uninteresting, turning his attention from psychology and philosophy to ethics and eventually, sociology. He graduated with a degree in philosophy in 1882. Durkheims views could not get him a major academic appointment in Paris, so from 1882 to 1887 he taught philosophy at several provincial schools. In 1885 he left for Germany, where he studied sociology for two years. Durkheims period in Germany resulted in the publication of numerous articles on German social science and philosophy, which gained recognition in France and earned him a teaching appointment at the University of Bordeaux in 1887. This was an important sign of the change of times and the growing importance and recognition of the social sciences. From this position, Durkheim helped reform the French school system and introduced the study of social science in its curriculum. Also in 1887, Durkheim married Louise Dreyfus, with whom he later had two children. In 1893, Durkheim published his first major work, The Division of Labor in Society, in which he introduced the concept of anomie, or the breakdown of the influence of social norms on individuals within a society. In 1895, he published The Rules of Sociological Method, his second major work, which was a manifesto stating what sociology is and how it ought to be done. In 1897, he published his third major work, Suicide: A Study in Sociology, a case study exploring the differing suicide rates among Protestants and Catholics and arguing that stronger social control among Catholics results in lower suicide rates. By 1902, Durkheim had finally achieved his goal of attaining a prominent position in Paris when he became the chair of education at the Sorbonne. Durkheim also served as an advisor to the Ministry of Education. In 1912, he published his last major work, The Elementary Forms of The Religious Life, a book that analyzes religion as a social phenomenon. Émile Durkheim died of a stroke in Paris on November 15, 1917, and is buried in the citys Montparnasse Cemetery.

Free Essays on 12th Night Qoute

Quote Essay â€Å"If music be the food of love, play on, Give me excess of it; that, surfeiting, The appetite may sicken, and so die† These are the first lines of the play, said by the Count Orsino. These lines set one of the main themes in the story, which is that love can bring much suffering. The plays characters seem to view love as a plague or curse which does not bring them happiness. What Orsino is saying in this first passage, is that he wants the musician to play so that the music will feed his love and that once the musician plays enough he will be sick of love and then die. Many other characters claim to be suffering from love as well. Olivia is suffering first of all because of the loss of her father and then her bother. This effected her so much (at first) that she refused to be in the company of men for several years so she could mourn them. Olivia also describes love as a â€Å"plague† from which she suffers terribly (I.v.265). She thinks that she is suffering because Viola does not love her as well. The theme also continues into the relationship of Viola and Orsino. Viola has fallen in love with the count but can not express her love to him because she is disguised as a man. She may also feel emotional pain because of Orsino’s constant talk of Olivia. Viola also may be suffering from the thought that her bother as died. This suffering from love in the play is something that brings a comedic affect to the play. To the audience it is funny that Olivia has fallen in love with Viola. It is also funny that she chose a woman in disguise over a real man, who has wealth and power. We need the suffering of the characters for entertainment, but to the characters this not a laughing matter. So if this theme wasn’t in the play it would lose its main appeal.... Free Essays on 12th Night Qoute Free Essays on 12th Night Qoute Quote Essay â€Å"If music be the food of love, play on, Give me excess of it; that, surfeiting, The appetite may sicken, and so die† These are the first lines of the play, said by the Count Orsino. These lines set one of the main themes in the story, which is that love can bring much suffering. The plays characters seem to view love as a plague or curse which does not bring them happiness. What Orsino is saying in this first passage, is that he wants the musician to play so that the music will feed his love and that once the musician plays enough he will be sick of love and then die. Many other characters claim to be suffering from love as well. Olivia is suffering first of all because of the loss of her father and then her bother. This effected her so much (at first) that she refused to be in the company of men for several years so she could mourn them. Olivia also describes love as a â€Å"plague† from which she suffers terribly (I.v.265). She thinks that she is suffering because Viola does not love her as well. The theme also continues into the relationship of Viola and Orsino. Viola has fallen in love with the count but can not express her love to him because she is disguised as a man. She may also feel emotional pain because of Orsino’s constant talk of Olivia. Viola also may be suffering from the thought that her bother as died. This suffering from love in the play is something that brings a comedic affect to the play. To the audience it is funny that Olivia has fallen in love with Viola. It is also funny that she chose a woman in disguise over a real man, who has wealth and power. We need the suffering of the characters for entertainment, but to the characters this not a laughing matter. So if this theme wasn’t in the play it would lose its main appeal....